What Is an Internet Service Provider or ISP and introduction to networking and how the internet works

 

Internet service provider | internet connectivity | video

internet connectivity options from end,user to tier three halves isps and,internet service provider is an,organization that provides a myriad of,services for accessing using or,participating in the internet,internet service providers can be,organized in various forms such as,commercial community owned non-profit or,otherwise privately owned,internet services typically provided by,isps can include internet access,internet transit domain name,registration web hosting usenet service,and collocation,an isp typically serves as the access,point or the gateway that provides a,user access to everything available on,the internet stealth communications in,manhattan installing fiber for,provisioning internet access the,internet was developed as a network,between government research laboratories,and participating departments of,universities,other companies and organizations joined,by direct connection to the backbone or,by arrangements through other connected,companies sometimes using dial-up tools,such as usep by the late 1980s,a process was set in place towards,public commercial use of the internet,some restrictions were removed by 1991,shortly after the introduction of the,world wide web,during the 1980s online service,providers such as compuserve and america,online began to offer limited,capabilities to access the internet,such as email interchange but full,access to the internet was not readily,available to the general public,in 1989 the first internet service,providers companies offering the public,direct access to the internet for a,monthly fee were established in,australia and the united states,in brookline massachusetts the world,became the first commercial isp in the,u.s,its first customer was served in,november 1989.,these companies generally offer dial-up,connections using the public telephone,network to provide last mile connections,to their customers,the barriers to entry for dial-up isps,were low and many providers emerged,however cable television companies and,the telephone carriers already had wired,connections to their customers and could,offer internet,connections at much higher speeds than,dial up using broadband technology such,as cable modems and digital subscriber,line,as a result these companies often became,the dominant isps in their service areas,and what was once a highly competitive,isp market became effectively a monopoly,or duopoly in countries with a,commercial telecommunications market,such as the united states,in 1995 snit was decommissioned removing,the last restrictions on the use of the,internet to carry commercial traffic and,network access points were created to,allow peering arrangements between,commercial isps,on april 23 2014 the u.s federal,communications commission was reported,to be considering a new rule permitting,isps to offer content providers a faster,track to send content thus reversing,their earlier net neutrality position,a possible solution to net neutrality,concerns may be municipal broadband,according to professor susan crawford a,legal and technology expert at harvard,law school,on may 15 2014 the fcc decided to,consider two options regarding internet,services first permit fast and slow,broadband lanes thereby compromising net,neutrality and second,reclassify broadband as a,telecommunications service thereby,preserving net neutrality,on november 10 2014 president barack,obama recommended that the fcc,reclassify broadband internet service as,a telecommunications service in order to,preserve net neutrality,on january 16 2015 republicans presented,legislation in the form of a u.s,congress hr discussion draft bill that,makes concessions too,net neutrality but prohibits the fcc,from accomplishing the goal or enacting,any further regulation affecting,internet service providers,on january 31 2015 ap news reported that,the fcc will present the notion of,applying title ii of the communications,act of 1934 to the internet in a vote,expected on february 26 2015.,adoption of this notion would reclassify,internet service from one of information,to one of the telecommunications and,according to tom wheeler chairman of the,fcc ensure net neutrality,the fcc was expected to enforce net,neutrality in its vote according to the,new york times,on february 26 2015 the fcc ruled in,favor of net neutrality by adopting,title ii of the communications act of,1934 and section 706 in the,telecommunications act of 1996 to the,internet,the fcc chairman tom wheeler commented,this is no more a plan to regulate the,internet than the first amendment is a,plan to regulate,free speech,they both stand for the same concept on,march 12 2015 the fcc released the,specific details of the net neutrality,rules on april 13 2015 the fcc published,the final rule on its new net neutrality,regulations,these rules went into effect on june 12,2015.,upon becoming fcc chairman in april 2017,ajit pai proposed an end to net,neutrality awaiting votes from the,commission,on november 21 2017 pai announced that a,vote will be held by fcc members on,december 14 2017 on whether to repeal,the policy,on june 11 2018 the repeal of the fcc's,network neutrality rules took effect,most isps offer discounts to low-income,families with internet service available,for as little as 10 a month,eligibility for these programs usually,requires documentation of enrollment in,a government assistance program such as,the supplemental nutrition assistance,program,access provider isps provide internet,access employing a range of technologies,to connect users to their network,available technologies have ranged from,computer modems with acoustic couplers,to telephone lines to television cable,wi-fi and fiber optics,for users and small businesses,traditional options include copper wires,to provide dial-up dsl typically,asymmetric digital subscriber line cable,modem or integrated services digital,network,using fiber optics to end users is,called fiber to the home or similar,names,customers with more demanding,requirements can use higher speed dsl,ethernet metropolitan ethernet gigabit,ethernet frame relay isdn primary rate,interface atm and synchronous optical,networking,wireless access is another option,including cellular and satellite,internet access,a mailbox provider is an organization,that provides services for hosting,electronic mail domains with access to,storage for mailboxes,it provides email servers to send,receive accept and store email for end,users or other organizations,many mailbox providers are also access,providers while others are not,the definition given in rfc,6650 covers email hosting services as,well as the relevant department of,companies universities organizations,groups and individuals that manage their,mail servers themselves,the task is typically accomplished by,implementing simple mail transfer,protocol and possibly providing access,to messages through internet message,access protocol the post office protocol,webmail or a proprietary protocol,internet hosting services provide email,web hosting or online storage services,other services include virtual server,cloud services or physical server,operation,tiers 1 and 2 isp interconnections just,as their customers pay them for internet,access isps themselves pay upstream isps,for internet access,an upstream isp usually has a larger net,worth than a contracting isp or is able,to provide the contracting isp with,access to parts of the internet the,contracting isp by itself has no access,to,in the simplest case a single connection,is established to an upstream isp and is,used to transmit data to or from areas,of the,internet beyond the home network this,mode of interconnection is often,cascaded multiple times until reaching a,tier one carrier,in reality the situation is often more,complex,isps with more than one point of,presence may have separate connections,to an upstream isp at multiple po ps or,they may be customers of multiple,upstream isps and may have connections,to each one of them at one or more point,of presence,transit isps provide large amounts of,bandwidth for connecting hosting isps,and access isps,a virtual isp is an operation that,purchases services from another isp,sometimes called a wholesale isp in this,context which allow the vist customers,to access the internet using,services and infrastructure owned and,operated by the wholesale isp,visps resemble mobile virtual network,operators and competitive local exchange,carriers for voice communications,free isps are internet service providers,that provide service free of charge,many free isps display advertisements,while the user is connected like,commercial television in a sense they,are selling the user's attention to the,advertiser,other free isps sometimes called,freenets are run on a non-profit basis,usually with volunteer staff,a wireless internet service provider is,an internet service provider with a,network based on wireless networking,technology may include commonplace wi-fi,wireless mesh networking or proprietary,equipment designed to operate over open,900 megahertz 2.,4 gigahertz 4,nine five,two five,four five,seven and five,eight gigahertz bands or licensed,frequencies such as two,five gigahertz three,65 gigahertz and in the uhf band and,lmds,it is hypothesized that the vast divide,between broadband connection in rural,and urban areas is partially caused by a,lack of competition between isps and,rural areas,where there exists a market typically,controlled by just one provider,a lack of competition problematically,causes subscription rates to rise,disproportionately with the quality of,service in rural areas causing broadband,connection to be unaffordable for some,even when the infrastructure supports,service in a given area,in contrast consumers in urban areas,typically benefit from lower rates and,higher quality of broadband services not,only due to more advanced infrastructure,but also the healthy economic,competition caused by having several,isps in a given area,how the difference in competition levels,has potentially negatively affected the,innovation and development of,infrastructure in specific rural areas,remains a question,the exploration and answers developed to,the question could provide guidance for,possible interventions and solutions,meant to remedy the digital divide,between rural and urban connectivity,isps may engage in peering where,multiple isps interconnect at peering,points or internet exchange points,allowing routing of data between,each network without charging one,another for the data transmitted data,that would otherwise have passed through,a third upstream isp,incurring charges from the upstream isp,isps requiring no upstream and having,only customers are called tier 1 isps,network hardware software and,specifications as well as the expertise,of network management personnel are,important in ensuring that data follows,the most efficient route and upstream,connections work reliably a trade-off,between cost and efficiency is possible,internet service providers in many,countries are legally required in the us,to allow law enforcement agencies to,monitor some or all of the information,transmitted by the isp,or even store the browsing history of,users to allow government access if,needed,furthermore in some countries isps are,subject to monitoring by intelligence,agencies,in the us a controversial national,security agency program known as prism,provides for broad monitoring of,internet users traffic and,has raised concerns about potential,violation of the privacy protections in,the fourth amendment to the united,states constitution,modern isps integrate a wide array of,surveillance and packet-sniffing,equipment into their networks which then,feeds the data to law enforcement,intelligence,networks allowing monitoring of internet,traffic in real time,thanks for watching

Internet service provider | Introduction to Networking | Network Fundamentals | video

Hello and welcome to the Network Direction video channel. What you've found

here is the start of a new group of videos designed to help you understand

the foundations of Networking. If you're new to networking or studying for a

certification like CCNA, Network + or JNCIA

this is a great place to start. For the first few videos I'm going to assume

that you have no networking experience. My goal is to create a solid foundation

for you to build on. In this video we're going to start with understanding what a

network actually is and some of the network types you'll see. We will follow up

in part two with a look at how a network may be cabled and get an overview of

addresses.

If you like this video please, let me know with the like button.

It's important to me to know if I'm on the right track with my videos so a

comment would be helpful too. If you want to see more, please use the subscribe and

notification buttons. Now if you're ready let's start right at the beginning.

What is a Network?

So maybe you already know what a network is.

Maybe you've built your own network

at home or help someone to run the network at school or at your job. That's

okay I don't want to bore you so if this applies to you I would like to give you

this challenge pause the video and think of a good description of what a network

is if you've come up with something you're happy with well done feel free to

skip ahead otherwise stay with me and I'll see if I can come up with something

for you. At work or home you have a bunch of devices; Computers, printers, TVs, and so

on. You connect these by means of a network. When the devices are connected

they're able to share data. This could be sending a print job to a printer, sending

an email or streaming video. This can also be used for sharing an internet

connection. Mostly network users are unaware of the

network they're using as long as they can browse the Internet do their job

browse YouTube they're usually fine. For all of these devices to communicate they

need to be connected together somehow. One way is to plug cables into the devices

and connect them to another device called a switch. An example is in a

school's computer lab in this case a computer in the lab connects to a wall

socket with a cable. Another cable runs through the wall which comes out at a

patch panel. This may be in a cabinet on the wall somewhere in the room or in

another room entirely. The port on the patch panel then connects to the switch

you might have a switch at home too most homes don't have wall sockets so devices

are connected directly to the switch we'll talk more about how switches work

later. We can also connect devices wirelessly a common way to do this is to

use a wireless access point a wireless network like this is also called Wi-Fi

an example of this is if you have a tablet. It is impractical to cable it in

so Wireless is a good option. The access point is like a switch without cables

more than one device can connect to the access point over time but without the

messy cabling. The access point can also be connected to the switch with a cable

this way wired and wireless devices can all be part of the same network. Having

both wired switches and wireless access points, gives you more connection options

imagine you have a laptop in an office you may connect it to the network with a

cable when you're at your desk when you have a meeting in the conference room

you remove the cable and connect to Wi-Fi. Whether the wired or wireless, the

goal of the network is to move information from one device to another

for this to work the sender and the receiver must understand each other. They

need to speak the same language. In the network speaking the same language means

that devices agree on how data is sent, received, organized, and handled. Basically

they agree on a process that they all follow. It's a bit like filling out

paperwork. This is called a protocol. A lot of different protocols are used

depending on what's needed at the time. Network software and hardware are

designed with these protocols in mind. You will hear of protocols like Ethernet

and TCP which are used for sending and receiving data. You may also hear of

protocols like HTTP which is used for accessing the web and SMTP which is used

for email usually several protocols are used together to achieve a task. We'll look

at protocols further in future videos

in summary networks are used to connect devices together. Devices use the network

to communicate and to share information. To share information, devices need to

speak the same language. This language is called a protocol which is a set of

instructions of how to handle the information

we're going to start with some simple questions to get the brain working

firstly what are the two ways computers can connect to the network to follow on

from that what devices do they usually connect to and finally how many

protocols are used when one computer accesses another computer. When you're

ready to see the answers follow the link at the bottom of the screen.

Networks connect devices. You could call devices on the network nodes. Nodes may include

devices that help control the traffic flowing through a network like switches

and routers. Nodes also include end points or hosts. These are devices that

send and receive the bulk of the traffic this includes workstations servers

printers and so on. Networks come in different sizes a network at home is an

example of a small network these networks usually only have a few nodes

this is called a SOHO Network. SOHO means Small Office Home Office these networks

typically have a couple of computers a printer a few phones and tablets some

devices will be wireless and some are connected to a switch this might be a

good time to mention that people often say hub when they mean switch you can

see why of course as the switch looks like a central hub in a Soho Network but

please keep in mind that switches and hubs are very different things

hubs are really old technology that you generally don't see anymore outside of a

museum while switches are modern and commonly used they look very similar so

it's easy to mix them up have a look at the model number to see if it gives you

any clues about what the device really is. In a Soho Network a router is used to

connect to the internet you might find that the router switch

access point are all integrated into one device

While a SOHO network will only have a few devices a corporation for example the

bank will have many devices this is called an enterprise network

the enterprise network may cover several floors in a building. They may also have

several office buildings in different cities or even across different

countries. An internet provider has a very large network this is called a

service provider network. Not only do they provide Internet access

they also offer services to connect their customers together. Consider the

bank with offices all around the country the service provider uses part of their

network to join these officers together when devices are collected into a local

area we call this a local area network or LAN. The LAN may be a small network

in a SOHO Network the LAN is the switch with the handful of devices connected or

the LAN may be part of a bigger network like an enterprise network. This network

may have many switches routers and access points depending on their needs

think of the bank from before they have an office with several floors you could

consider the whole building as a LAN or more likely the network is broken up

into smaller parts. Perhaps there is a separate network on each floor each of

these could also be called the LAN. These separate LANs may be connected together

but we'll talk more about that later. But a banks network is going to be larger

than just one building. Banks have offices all over the country and all

over the world even though they are far apart these networks can be joined

together. This is called a WAN or Wide Area Network. Imagine for a moment that

you work for a company with an office in Sydney and an office in Melbourne you

could contact a service provider and they can connect these officers for you

WANs are a topic all of their own, so we'll cover them in detail in a later

video

let's take a moment for a quick summary all networks are different and this

includes their size a Soho Network is very small

while an enterprise network may be very large. Of course your network could fit

in anywhere in between. A LAN or local area network is a collection of network

devices in a local area like a single building. A WAN or wide area network

connects networks that are far apart. And once again it's time to get the brain

working. Here's something to think about you work for a company that has a

finance division an engineering division and an admin division each group have

their own network and the networks are joined together is this network still a

LAN or is it something else entirely the company grows and adds a retail division

in addition to the head office there is now six branch offices what type of

network is this as before go to the link below to see the answers

I hope you've enjoyed part one of this series join me in part two where we'll

have a look at different types of cabling the Ethernet protocol and a bit

of an introduction into network addressing if you found this helpful

subscribe and click the notification button also if you liked it please click

the like button and tell me what you thought in the comments

Start A 6 Figure Month Internet Service Provider | video

Everyone,and we are live this is partnering to start your own internet service provider,when i say internet service provider i'm not talking about uh starting the internet business like,affiliate marketing or are just things like that i'm talking about you becoming,the actual provider of your city uh like like a comcast like um,what do you call it a charter like a spectrum like directv like those guys,okay like uh hughes.net there's a whole bunch of them too many for me to name so,you can do it if they can do it you can do it all right remember that if you have internet service in your house,right now then you know it's doable you can definitely do it and uh the goal is for,us to start taking a little bit more for a lot bit more uh control of our areas,our own communities our own cities and everything like that we don't always have to be,consumers only we can we can be the provider okay um even if you have no,experience you don't have to have any tech experience you don't have to have any experience in business you don't have to have any degrees you don't have,to have any investment money no investment needed we're going to do all of this,as far as investing and marketing i'm going to show you what you would be doing in this partnership shortly give,me a second to invite people on if you have anybody that you know that are in uh dire straits in a,position where they need something good to happen in their life uh,maybe in a tight money situation financially or something like that this can help anybody you know,definitely anybody you know that aren't living on the street basically they have to have a,physical address at least okay all right so i'm going to go deeper into details,as so far how as far as um to how this works and everything like that so you guys just take notes,pull out the pen and the pad or use the digital notepad that comes with your computer if you're on the phone,clipboard it out whatever you have to do so that you don't forget what we're gonna go over today,uh if you're in the middle of work and you're just on a break or something like that then go ahead and just simply uh,you know share this to your page matter of fact share this anyway share it in the black groups share it in,the uh share it in the low income group sharing in the um you know,swap shop groups one of the name work from home group shared in the groups,that are local to you meaning like uh one of those buy sell trade groups sell,it in any group where you feel like people would uh want to join the opportunity,it's not mlm let me say that as well it's not some kind of mlm thing or anything like that all right,so um it's going to be fairly simple and today what i'm going to do is go over a few,examples of a few people that just started partnering with us they just signed up from one of these lives that,i'm doing right now like like a live just like this maybe last week they signed up and uh now they're,already up and running okay so we're just waiting for the money to roll in for them and it's just been the one week so,this is going to show you guys a different part of the world and what i mean by that is,we are accustomed to working like working warehouses working,uh hospitality working restaurants working those type of uh service gigs and,everything like that but we're never used to we're not accustomed to being a boss we're not accustomed to owning the,business today i'm going to show you something completely different a whole new a whole is not a new world it'll be,a new world for some of you watching this but the big dogs have been doing this,forever making money off of us when we could be making money as well and uh,building up our names building up our communities and as well okay so,know that if you're on this live stream right now you'll never have to go back to work again you can take this information that,i'm going to show you on here and partner with me or you can take this information and try to go and do it yourself but either way it goes i'm,going to give you this information i'm not going to charge you or anything like that,and uh i want you to go out and build businesses so that's why i said take notes that's why i said take notes,because you'll be able to use this with any business venture that you're interested in doing even if you're not,interested in uh doing internet we have a lot of different things coming up we have the private jet charter,that we're doing right now so right now we're pretty much just focusing on a private jet charter and,we're focusing on the um the internet we're building both of those out and we have a lot of other,things that we're going to build out um but we have them in sequences you see what i'm saying okay so tell me where,you guys are hailing from what city are you in type your city so i can give you a few,examples of what we can do in your city i want to make it real to you make sure,you stay to the end so i can show you how you can partner as well remember it doesn't take any investment or anything,like that maybe just invest your time and focus and dedication to this and you're going to do big things so tell me,what city you're in type it in the chat so i can see that there,type it in the chat by the way if you don't know who i am my name is david robertson that's my,worldly name you might know me as david israel israel,that is my real name okay all righty and i am the owner of epi job,trade school uh i just sold off the other companies,which was roi genie and local lead land i'm gonna show you guys those as well because i want to focus all of my,attention on building this business because it has the most potential and uh the more i can do for the people i can,do more for the people with this business right here all right so my name is david and you can google app agile,trade school in the new browser if you need more information don't leave,let me see all right i was sharing this and i was inviting,people so that's that's what was happening all right so we got james israel what's up what's up brittany what's up lakeisha uh we're gonna go,through uh oh germany wow okay we'll see what we can find there as well,uh welcome what's up robert what's up herron harry i never know how to pronounce your,name um but yeah all you guys tell me where,you're in where you're at so that i can show you what's good let's go over to google,that's how you say it stuggered stud good jeremy i think that's how you,spell it stud good,[Music] all right what's the population for stuck,uh 628 thousand wow okay so let's see,internet am i not what do they call it that like do they,do that is it is it a german word for it or do they actually call it internet like if you were searching for the,internet um you know where you are what what would you call,it shalom james man what would you call it what city you're,in james but um what would you call it,is it internet there as well because i'm typing it in it don't really look like people are typing it searching for that,there they might call it something else,mobile internet oh do it,i don't know how to pronounce that man i don't know how to pronounce that,same as same as in english all right cool what is mailing let's see,male and what what damn there's only 800 people there wow yeah some small towns,but stuck it ain't small but uh mainland seems like a small town y'all,making it hard for me to do my demonstration i was trying to blow you out all out of the water pause,but uh all right so all right here we go we'll just use this,for an example mobile internet germany okay so,type one make sure you guys can see my can see my screen type of one if you can,see my screen,rachel anybody in america man like what is mullen let me type in mullen,i don't know what mullin is i'm sorry i'm sorry,uh okay good you guys can see so what i'm,gonna do is i'm gonna use a couple ex examples from a few people that signed up with us already let's go,to google my business i'm gonna log in,don't be calling none of these people don't be trying to text them or any of that type of stuff,all right okay that was all still pending,all right,all right providers independence my god,all right so here's an example right here,we get calls every day a couple calls every day from this listing right here this gives around 110 searches per month,uh we can tell from this tool right here the tool is called keywords everywhere,it's free on google you can just google the chrome store uh google chrome store go there download,it for free it'll let you know how many searches per month a keyword which is this thing right here search phrase gets,all right so that way you can pretty much like map out how much you want to,earn with whatever business venture you're doing all right so you can just guess that you'll get a percentage of,this of the phone calls to come through here especially if you're up a little bit,higher but we're number four we don't even have to be at the top and we're getting a couple calls a day so what,happens is uh when a person calls we're partnered with somebody like comcast right now att,spectrum we're partnering with those guys right now because we don't have the hardware or the contractors in that area,yet so what we're going to do for a year is we're going to partner with them they're going to give us our,cut when they get someone and we're going to use that partnership money you,can use whatever you want to use yours for but my half of it we're going to reinvest it into hard work for this area,so that we can start um hiring out for contractors in the area we'll probably hire like,um ex contractors from the other companies and stuff like that people that have our own tools and trucks and stuff all right,so that's the cheapest way to do it so for a year we're going to partner with them so let's say,we get 30 bucks per call so they don't give us any of the installation fee or any of that stuff,that they get which sucks that's why we're not going to stay with them forever remember we want to build our,own company right all right so they'll give us like 30 bucks per call all right,so as you can see that gives around 110 searches per month right let's type in,every variation so we can know everything all right so this one gets 40,searches per month so that totals 150 all right let's type in,i speed internet that guess that makes that 160,all right all right,20 right here that makes that 180 now let's see,and that makes okay 180 all right around 2,290 or something right all right so let's go over here to the calculator,i just want you guys to see it with your own eyes okay so for those,of you who have already part uh signed up for the partnership and everything like that i'm just showing you what you,can expect it depends on what city you're in the size of the city how much car volume the city gets so everybody,isn't going to make the same amount if you want to make a crap the bigger your city,the the more you're going to bring in the big the bigger the amount of searches per month,the more you're going to bring in so even if you're in a tiny city but you know somebody that's in a city,uh with a lot of searches for internet you better ask them yo can i get my,google verification letter there so that i can start this business because i have,to prove to google that i'm actually in that area or they won't show my business,up okay so that's all you have to do don't worry about it if you're in a small town there's an easy fix just contact somebody that you know there's,in a bigger town that has a lot more searches for the internet all right so,it's very simple all right so 290 remember that search we were just doing in independence missouri it had around,290 searches per month all right so we're gonna get paid around 30 bucks 30,bucks for a phone call they don't even have to do the installation they don't even have to order or get qualified for,it as long as we can bring them people and put them on the phone they pay out okay because their job is to do the,sales we just generate the leads all right so if you control the lease you control the world which is why it's,gonna work when we go and branch off because we know how to make the phone ring all right so we multiply that times,30 and this will be what you will make your your month when everything is already set up,seven hundred bucks just from bringing in phone calls you're not selling the damn thing you don't have to go,door-to-door you don't have to uh ask everybody in your family to switch you don't have to do none of that we're,gonna do all of the marketing i'm gonna do all of the technical stuff to make it show up on,google all you're gonna do is help us by tracking the progress so what do i mean by tracking the progress,we don't like to build unprofitable locations so you,can uh help us by uh keeping track of the amount of call volume up for that,area uh making sure the marketing dollars are going to a good thing meaning people are actually calling for,the internet they're not calling for a pizza or something weird like that because that'll mean our marketing,campaign is off and we're wasting money so those are little things like that so everything you'll do will only take,maybe three to four hours out of your whole month it's not a full-time thing so you don't,have to quit whatever you're doing if you have a business already you can continue doing that um so three to four hours out of your,month this is how much i'm making from that one location and then,since i have a partner that's what the partner gets 4350,and i get the other half you see what i'm saying very simple all,they do is track the amount of call volumes because i can't do that i can't sit there and i'm in a whole lot of,cities i can't sit there and do that all day okay so let me show you some other things,all right um,that's so many email addresses man let me get into that password yeah all right so let's,try to give you some more examples hopefully some of you guys are partners already so you,can see what i did over the past couple of days what's up rodney what's up nariah,how y'all doing how y'all doing make sure y'all stay to the end so you can see how you can get going with this as,well all right get your own business up and running not being an employee not,being any of that we love claiming that boss life was ceo life and all of that,we all do that stuff but then we we ain't really making moves for real ain't really making moves all right i can show,you this one right here look at this okay springdale arkansas car rental,all right let me show you first of all that is getting caused watch this let me click on it,all right so performance over the past 28 days,performance over the last 28 days take a look 481 views,we got five calls and this is going to a car rental thing all right and we get a huge percentage,of what they get for the car rental so these are opportunities that you guys uh,have by partnering with us so what we do then is we take the earnings after a,year and we just pretty much build up a lot in that area,and we we already had a phone call coming through so we just stopped sending them to our partner,uh that is paying us and we just start sending the calls to us like man you,will just keep our calls and we already have the vehicles now so we can just start renting them out to the community,you see what i'm saying so we we use their money we leverage their money for,a year so that we can build it out physically without wasting our money you see what,i'm saying so it's very very simple it's a very very simple game,a very very simple game so these are a lot of partners some of them you guys might know we're,waiting for their verification codes to come in once it's verified it'll it'll,have that it'll say published all right so let me show you this one right here all right private jet charter phoenix,so this is another one that you guys can uh choose the partner on a private jet,charter but it's mainly for if you're in like a bigger city if you're in a tiny town ain't nobody catch no private jet,there you see what i'm saying for real for real so so private jet charter so what's the significance of this all right so,one trip six hours could be like forty eight thousand dollars forty eight thousand dollars for a six hour ride in,a private jet forty eight thousand now what if you're getting 10,of that what if 10 of that commission is yours all right now the thing of it is we don't have to do,the selling or anything like that and plus most people that's making a phone call,to one of these places they already have their minds up they're not trying to sit there and think of,whether or not they want to do it they already know they want to do it they're calling around for pricing and most of,the pricing is the same so this is our listing right here all right and we just gonna move it up,once it's moved up the phone will start ringing off the hook all right so now you guys can pretty,much get an idea of how it's going okay so hey what's up dominique what's up,what's up anybody have any questions let me know let me know,let's see,all right so if any of you know this is the name of my company right here have a job because i own an entrepreneurial,trade school one of the first uh to do it big right right right okay so ever job so we're positioning,ourselves as an actual college in trade school now it's not a course it's not some internet mart,there's some internet thing or something like that we're creating it to where people can actually,go there for like real stuff okay so what i mean by that is not it's not just online based what you'll be learning,there all right but it's a um it's entrepreneur so right now we teach uh,cooking classes where you can get certified we're adding the fitness section where you can get your personal,training license soon uh we're adding the music production section so right now we we have affiliate marketing seo,and we have real estate we have a real estate section where you can uh learn to get,certified and licensed if you want to but we teach home tail model and we teach virtual wholesaling so i just,wanted to show you that we practice this practice what we preach man so we're actually positioning ourselves as,colleges now let me see are we showing up right here yet,all right give it a couple hours a partner of ours uh just signed up the other day and we,were able to verify it by phone so in a couple hours since this is only,three competitors we will show up right up in here somewhere meaning we will immediately,start getting uh people that want to become students at the trade school now that's an awesome,opportunity for you if you google every job trade school you can check out the virtual tour it's been,updated since this was uh uploaded but it'll still give you an idea i'm gonna do a new virtual tour alrighty so,let me see here all right yes that's my logo type of one,in the chat if you like my logo half a job baby have a job all right so welcome to the apple job trade school,so you'll be able to watch the virtual tour right here so you can log into real,estate affiliate marketing seo blah blah blah all right so,this is going to be a real school this is an actual school let me show you,some stuff let me show you some things man all right,so this is the enrollment page right here,this is the real estate section this is not even done yet this is the seo section affiliate marketing section,here is the uh music production sections from unsigned to check signed online,culinary school fitness franchise from home uh so you know just wanted to show,you guys that is actually here so if you do sign if you do partner and uh,we do something like uh rank for community colleges where you're at like uh what we did over here,students come on autopilot okay so let me for instance let's see let's do,st louis real estate school this is one i show you guys a lot,so we get 140 searches for this a month okay and if you flip it around to other,variations of the keyword you'll see we get crapload more of searches per month my point is when they click here,they can go into becoming a student on autopilot so we don't have to even really sell sell they go to the site,and if they want to sign up they see the prices blah blah blah they go in so how does that benefit you as a partner all,right so if you come if it's coming through the school i pay you from uh from what we bring in from this so,uh each section of the school how is being built out right now,is going to the higher thousands but for right now like the highest,package for real estate is around uh 11.64 a year all right so you would get half if,somebody came through your location so if you're in wence if you're in phoenix,or if you're in los angeles and we rank up here and start getting students for,los angeles real estate school whatever wherever you're at you will get half of each student that comes in through your,listing now what does that mean and it's recurring so that means you'll be making like it'll be stacking on each on each,other it's recurring so if they go through a program that is like 97 a month or,something like that and you're over that location that means you get half of that 97 a month,every single month faithfully as new students join on top of that,and you didn't do nothing but partner with we did all the work to put it up here we're investing all the monies to put it,up here uh we're doing all the technical stuff and all that you don't have to worry about none of that are you gonna,do for us is be tracking the amount of call volumes and visitors,that come in through this and we show you exactly how to do that you don't need no money or nothing like that okay,so this is my way of not charging,uh you said so does it have rachel says so it doesn't have to be where i live,no it does not have to be where you live no no no no it does not have to be where,you live matter of fact you can freaking like it can be in the in the african junk now,and i don't thought that they have addresses there but you know what i mean it could be anywhere that,you can uh get a letter from you know a google verification letter,your partnership code is your google verification letter so everything the ball starts i mean everything starts,when your ladder comes and we can start making you show up on google because the phone starts,ringing once you get right here i get phone calls all freaking day and i'm gonna log in and i'm gonna show you guys,some of the uh some of the partnership numbers where the calls come in in a,minute so give me a second so i just wanted to show you guys is real so remember that culinary arts section,uh where you can learn culinary arts,so this very very variation of it you see we're right here with number two okay,and that gives around 140 searches per month but if we flip it around,this one gets 1300 searches per month so we get emails people that want to enroll,all day we get freaking and a lot of the sections of the school ain't even finished yet so just i'm trying to get,you guys to see how quickly the money is going to come in once everything is set up you don't have to worry about,anything like everything is going to start flowing smoothly and and just be,super profitable what's up nate simmons how you doing how you doing okay,all right all right so you guys tell me what you think man do you have any questions,any more questions do you have any more questions let me,know my assistant is going to type the number,in the chat and you're going to let me know by texting if you're ready to partner so,all you have to do is text the number that she's leaving in the chat and say partnership,just text partnership to that number and we'll get you up and running where you'll be over your own uh location okay,so you say your sister's address is in anchorage alaska let's check it out i'm pretty,sure there's uh some internet there i'm pretty sure i'm certain,okay so you might you want you want before we use our address you definitely want to explain this to her okay,there we go see now we got it and now we have a place 110 searches per month for internet,anchorage alaska 110 searches per month so all we have to,do is verify your sister's address to prove to google that we're in that town then,i'm going to use my perfect seo plan that i teach in my school and if you're a student you already have,access to that whatever but i'm going to use that to put us above these people,but you don't we don't even have to wait a lot of you might be thinking oh man is it going to take a long time before we start seeing money no it is not okay so,we can even be one of these guys you don't have to be number one like i showed you uh in the other uh listing i,was like number four all the way in there and we still get a couple calls a day from that listing so once you're up,here you're gonna get the lion's share of that okay so you just,that's why i like this keyword tool because you can pretty much see your money you know you say okay i have it,has like 120 searches per month for this keyword that mean i could probably get 40 out of,that unless you have multiple addresses in there in that case we can outrank,everybody and take all three spots and then you get all 110 searches see so,it's it's a lot of things you guys are going to be able to learn all right so as you can see look at this,you type in another variation of it is another 110 searches right there,and it's still it's still going to be easy to rank for that it's going to be easy to rank for that so the number is,in the number is in the um,uh what's up i'm yeah what's good yes you're going to get paid through paypal,rachel yes yes ma'am you're going to get paid through paypal go ahead and text that 314 number or you can um you can,inbox me on facebook and i will send you the verification uh code the partnership,uh form that we have for this that way we can make sure you get paid and everything like that,you just text partnership to that number,and we'll get you guys up and running like the rest of the people that i told you so when i logged up in there you saw,a whole lot of people uh waiting for the verification codes right,so let me let me go back up in there and i'll show you all right,now and there's no limit to this you know the more people you know like think of it think of everybody you know,everybody that uh that will let you use their address or something like that man like,it doesn't matter like all people you know uh they will let you use the address and,you can go hard man like you'll get a percentage out of their location just because you referred them or whatever as,well so you don't just say oh man i only got my location i'm stuck to the amount,of searches in my area no you're not think of everybody you know everybody you know that wouldn't mind,you having some mail come in there tell them you don't want your wife to see uh uh your secret packages that's coming,from amazon now don't lie but you know what i mean i'm just messing around just say you got,some mail that you need to have come there okay all right so look yeah i don't know who's on this,live but as you can see we just verified this one the other day this is uh,internet providers albana albany georgia internet providers albany,georgia then we just verified the one in spring texas so i'm about to go show you those in a minute then we got internet,service providers nyc so let's go see let's go check on those real quick,okay so we got uh internet providers,albany georgia,let's see where they're at,here we go right here this is brand new brand new,okay brand new and it's actually like right up in here how do i know that,i changed my ip address so if you're in albany right now or somewhere in georgia go ahead and google open a different,browser don't close out open a different browser and google internet providers uh,albany georgia so any minute now the phone will start ringing and that person,that partnered with me in albany georgia will start getting their cuts all right remember like all we got to do is bring,the phone calls to these companies and they pay us they do all the selling and everything like that so if you're in albany or in,georgia somewhere we should be somewhere up in here so the phone will be ringing very soon,expect that so we got what's another one spring texas,that one gives around 90 searches per month in that keyword variation,let's see where we're at for that,all right so this one is down a little bit further internet provider 77373,okay but it's still going to generate those calls watch let's check this,boom here we are right here okay so that's another partner so as you guys can see we're we're putting it to,work man you know surely hey within a week's time these are all going to start generating,phone calls and then i'm going to create a little plan for you guys like if you don't want to sit and wait around it's,things you can do like if you sit on social media all day man look use social,media to not be a slave to it but using it to your uh benefit you know i'm,saying not your detriment use it to your benefit what i mean by that is uh the internet is not just for,entertainment man it's for profit while these companies are you know making,billions of dollars off of us we we posting twerk videos and all it is extra crap and just wondering who made a,sandwich in the last five minutes on they post on a timeline you know what i'm saying yo this is things we can be,doing on it so once you're over your own location the more calls that come in,you know i'm gonna do the marketing i'm gonna do everything like spending money on it and stuff but it's free things you,can do to ramp up the process now what do i mean what can you do locally oh no i'm not talking about gold,door-to-door but it's local groups that you're part of what about the swap shop groups what about the buy sale trade,groups on facebook that you're part of that's in your city so a little stuff like that you can literally post uh,about switching your internet service or cable service in your group once a day,and you'll start getting extra calls over that so the more calls come in the more cake the more money you put in your,bank account the more you have the stack the more you have to spend so my goal,all right thank you for inboxing rachel yes do that do that asap my goal,is to not only uh partner with you on this but to teach you business skills,and how to pretty much go after what you want to do with your life in the first place because none of us plan to be,when we were children we none of us plan to work at the warehouse none of us plan to be,working at mcdonald's none of us plan to do any of those type of cert uh survival,positions or anything like that i'm not downing anybody's uh um um you know mode of you know making,money or anything right now but i'm just letting you know be real with yourself you didn't plan to do that we dreamed of,unrealistic stuff like uh you know inventing things or or you know being in,a movie or or or things like that so what i told you before now that is,realistic with the invention of the internet that is realistic some of you guys wanted to be a model right,but you don't know how to go about that with the invention of the internet you can literally predictably,become a model now what do i mean by that let me give you an example watch this so this is how,we create businesses out of thin air we don't only search google everybody searches google's that means,celebrities search google as well now watch this let's say you wanted to be,you know you wanted to open up a shopify store and sell jewelry or something and you wanted to be able to sell like super,expensive jewelry or something like that to rappers or something watch this all right,hip hop,hip hop jewelry rental you can rank at the top of google for that now watch this,all right i'm just trying to tell you guys an example i know you're not trying to be you know a model,but i'm just trying to show you with what i'm going to teach you you can pretty much go after anything you want,to go happen,all right so these are your competition right here which is really not even competition,all right so as you can see i was trying to make this come back okay so in los angeles model agency,gets around 800 searches per month all right look at this they even break it down male mileage modeling agencies,in los angeles 880 so if you uh what i'm saying is all those things that you,wanted to become when you were a child but people told you it was unrealistic,and all of that that's a lie man look look at this,entertainment companies in los angeles,gets 390 searches per month who do you think searches for that,not just the talent the recruiters as well record labels and all of that,they they search for that so what does that matter to you you can rank yourself using what i teach,you can rank yourself at the top for this so when those recruiters call right here and ask about,the talent you're the one they talk to you control what demo or what music or what project,that they listen to instead of you going to talk to these guys you actually become the competition and you can just,bring people out of your hood choose the talent and do whatever you want to do so you know what i'm saying like,look wedding singers if you wanted to if you wanted to you know become a wedding singer,it's 20 searches per month for that you can be booked for the whole month,singing at weddings you see what i'm saying so you don't have to sit around,look at this guy you call him call him i dare you call him i bet you he's booked i bet you he's good too i bet he's happy,at the top of google that's the most qualified lead that you can ever get so my point is i'm not just,partnering with you guys on this internet thing whatever you decide you wanted to do with your life,you know you can actually go after it now with the invention of the internet all you have to do is know how to,manipulate the internet and make it been to your will as i do that's what i teach,in the school i don't know many things but i know internet and i know music but i know internet you see what i'm saying,so hey what's up dennis okay so i'm not gonna hold you guys too long but,i want you guys to partner we need more people from the community to go ahead and partner become partners all over the,united states and then soon national man so uh i'll put that number in the chat,one more time and you guys text partnership,to that number and we'll get you the partnership form,and you'll be able to go ahead and get your own business,that you actually become a partner in you're not going to be an employee you're going to be an actual partner you,can tell your family and your friends you're actually a partner in the internet business in your area,okay all right so it was nice talking to you guys i'll highlight you later if you're,on youtube subscribe share that share it and um,the link in the description will be the partnership

Internet Service Provider | What is NETWORK MANAGEMENT? What does NETWORK MANAGEMENT mean? | video

network management is the process of,administering and managing the computer,networks of one or many organizations,various services provided by network,managers include fault analysis,performance management provisioning of,network and network devices maintaining,the quality of service etc software that,enables network managers to perform,their functions is called network,management software a small number of,accessory methods exist to support,network and network device management,access methods include the SNMP,command-line interface custom XML kamyp,windows management instrumentation me,transaction language 1 CORBA net config,the java management extensions JMX,schemas include the structure of,management information BEM the common,information model and in Tosi amongst,others Internet Service Providers is use,the technology known as deep packet,inspection in order to regulate network,congestion and lessen internet,bottlenecks in the United States medical,service providers provide a niche,marketing utility for managed service,providers as HIPAA legislation,consistently increases demands for,knowledgeable providers medical service,providers are liable for the protection,of their clients confidential,information including in an electronic,realm this liability creates a,significant need for managed service,providers who can provide secure,infrastructure for transportation of,medical data

Internet Service Provider | What is Broadband? | video

welcome to the Ohio first dotnet,training module number one what is,broadband the purpose of this series of,modules is to teach you about the,nationwide Public Safety broadband,network or the npsbn and firstnet the,United States first responder Network,Authority however before we can educate,you about any of these things about the,npsbn about firstnet or about our,program we need to make sure that you,have a basic understanding of the term,broadband so what is broadband you,probably have an idea of what the term,is you probably use it everyday but what,is it are you able to define the term,broadband don't feel badly if you can't,even though it's a common term that,everybody uses many people even,information technology experts all have,a hard time agreeing on what exactly it,means that said you probably have seen,or heard the term broadband or its,equivalents in many contexts for example,your local internet service providers,are probably advertising broadband or,high-speed Internet access today other,companies are advertising speed such as,4G LTE cellular carriers there are even,many government organizations dedicated,to promoting broadband including the,United States Federal Communications,Commission through the National,Broadband Plan and connect Ohio a,nonprofit organization dedicated to,improving broadband internet access to,communities all across the state clearly,companies are selling it the government,is spending money to make it better you,are probably a customer but what is,broadband put simply broadband means,fast as in fast internet access and it,also means faster than what I had,yesterday there's no Universal,definition that everybody agrees on,including engineers and government,regulators but generally everybody,agrees that broadband means fast fast,enough for example to stream music to,stream video and to download large files,quickly but let's look at some of the,formal definitions of broadband,including the technology behind it the,federal government has a number to,define broadband that number is 25,megabits per second on the downlink,there's another number associated with,that that number is 6 megabits per,second on the uplink do those numbers,mean anything to you unless you're a,technical person and even then they,probably don't but these are the speeds,the government says qualifies something,as broadband but your broadband internet,provider at home and your broadband,cellular carrier probably don't provide,those speeds today but we'll have more,on that later,so what is broadband after all that it,sounds just about as clear as mud to me,and it probably sounds about the same to,you so let's compare a few different,broadband technologies what they are and,how they compare to help us figure it,all out to compare different,technologies you need to understand how,we measure speed for that we use the,term throughput you probably use the,term bandwidth bandwidth and throughput,mean pretty much the same thing for most,purposes so whenever you think about,bandwidth just think about the word,throughput to measure throughput we use,a value called bits per second or bps,measuring bits per second is kind of,like measuring the amount of water,flowing through a river just like a,large river flowing very fast means you,have a lot of water having a large,broadband pipe with lots of bits flowing,at the speed of light means you have a,lot of data but now you're probably,wondering what is a bit well you,probably know that all digital,information is a sequence of ones and,zeros everything the TV shows and movies,you stream the music saved on your phone,every website you open in a browser all,data is stored as a sequence of ones and,zeroes these ones and zeroes are called,bits for example 10 ones and zeroes is,called 10 bits so what if I said you,could send 10 of those bits in one,second how would you describe that,that's right you would say that is 10,bits per second but you just described,right now that's throughput throughput,is literally how many ones and zeros or,bits someone can send in one second,so 10 bits per second means we can send,10 ones or zeroes per second 1000 bits,per second means we can send 1,000 ones,or zeros or 1000 bits per second let's,review a few different access,technologies to help us figure out the,term broadband dial-up internet is,definitely not broadband by today's,standards but it's good to use as a,baseline that you are probably familiar,with dial-up internet from the mid to,late 1990s had a speed of about 56,000,bits per second or 56 kilobits you might,remember the term 56k modem this is,where that term comes from that means a,maximum of 56,000 ones,Xero's are transmitted every second that,isn't very fast by today's standards but,at one point it was pretty cutting-edge,you wouldn't be able to stream movies,over a 56k connection though now let's,look at a couple of technologies that,would actually count as broadband DSL,broadband internet provided by your,telephone company provides up to about,seven million bits per second or seven,megabits that means seven million ones,or zeros are transmitted every second,Cable Internet is about the same speed,as DSL at least these days where DSL is,a lot faster than it used to be,neither cable internet nor dsl or new,technologies both have been around since,the 1990s however both technologies are,always improving and they are both,definitely much faster than they used to,be most people would call both,technologies broadband by today's,standards because they are fast enough,to download large files and stream,multimedia such as TV shows or live,video fiber internet which has just,recently been introduced to some markets,in the United States in about the last,five years is very fast one billion bits,per second or one gigabit that is 1,billion ones or zeros transmitted every,single second or over 100 times as fast,as your DSL or cable now I don't know,what you think is broadband but I'd say,that is definitely broadband how do,cellular network stand-up 3G or,third-generation cellular networks were,first built in the United States around,2003 and they still operate today while,different cellular carriers all used,different technologies for data in 3G,they all provided about the same average,throughput speed of about 1 million bits,per second that's 1 megabit,by today's standards that's not,broadband because you'd have a hard time,streaming video or much multimedia at,all 4G or fourth generation cellular,networks were built in the United States,around 2010 and they continue to be,built out today all major cellular,carriers in the United States today use,a technology called LTE which stands for,long term evolution LTE is an open,global standard for cellular voice and,data networks LTE provides average,throughput speeds of about 5 million,bits per second that's 5 megabits that,doesn't sound very fast compared to your,home Internet service and especially not,very fast at all compared to fiber but,remember cellular networks communicate,all of that information without wires,everywhere you go and it's still pretty,fast suitable for streaming video,carrying voice over LTE telephone calls,and carrying billions of social-media,transactions every single day remember,when I said that the federal government,has a number to define broadband,remember that as of January 2015 that,number is 25 megabits per second,according to the federal government,broadband technologies have to let you,download 25 megabits per second and to,upload that means send out to the,Internet 6 megabits per second but most,broadband providers today don't offer,those speeds or at least most of their,customers don't have access to that,level of service this includes the,latest 4G cellular networks the only,technology that always meets this,definition today is fiber internet which,most people don't even have access to,where they live does that mean that your,home internet service is not broadband,that is hard to say it probably doesn't,meet the FCC's standard for broadband,however the FCC's benchmark for 25,megabits,per second that's new as of 2015 as,technology and networks continue to,improve they will probably catch up with,the FCC's definition so what about,today's newest state of the art,blazing-fast 4G LTE networks,well they provide typical speeds from,between 1/4 to 1/2 of the FCC's,definition for broadband in most cases,anyway does that mean that 4G is not,broadband well cellular networks are,constantly being improved to so their,speeds will only get better with time as,well but after looking at all of these,numbers I think it's easier to say what,we said in the beginning that broadband,means fast and that means faster than,what I had yesterday that means that the,benchmark is always going to move you,will always demand something better,because you will always demand something,faster than what you had yesterday but,hopefully you now have a better,understanding of what the term broadband,means the technologies behind it and how,those different technologies compare in,particular how they compare to each,other and how they compare to the,federal government's definition and,remember what you think is broadband,today is probably not going to be,broadband tomorrow because tomorrow you,will still define broadband as faster,than what I had yesterday

Internet Service Provider | the Internet (part 1) | video

to explain how the internet works we,first need to establish a few basic,terms the term server when,by the software refers to a program that,listens for incoming network requests,and responds to those requests somewhat,confusingly the term servers also,applied the hardware to refer to a,machine that is primarily used to run,server programs the term client when,applied the software refers to a program,that makes requests to a server program,and again somewhat confusingly the term,client is also sometimes applied the,hardware to refer to a machine that is,primarily operated by a human user,straddling the line between servers and,clients are peers a peer program both,listens for requests from other peers,and makes requests of its own to other,peers a network connects together,multiple computers allowing any computer,on the network to send data to any other,computer on the network in the jargon of,networks each computer is often called a,host a network is controlled by one,single entity whether an individual,person or some kind of organization in,contrast what we call an Internet is a,network of networks these networks are,connected together through routers which,are simply systems connected,simultaneously to more than one network,here we have three networks each,connected to the other two via routers,if say a host on the red network wishes,to send data to a host on the green,network the data is sent either through,the router connecting the red and green,networks or through the router,connecting the red and blue networks and,then through the router connecting the,blue and green networks what we call the,internet is simply the internet,connecting virtually all computers,worldwide the networks that make up the,Internet can be broadly split into three,categories Private Networks service,provider networks and backbone carriers,your own network at home or at your,company office is a private network and,these networks are connected to your,internet service providers network and,their network in turn is connected to,backbone networks that tie the service,providers together so for example when,you visit Amazon com your computer is,contacting the web server operated by,Amazon Amazon server is connected to a,service provider and your own system is,connected to your own service provider,these two service provider networks,probably aren't connected directly and,so instead exchange packets through one,or more intermediary backbone networks,my service provider network may be,confined to just the local Southern,California region and likewise Amazon,service provider may be confined to just,the local Washington region so the,backbone networks in between operated by,telecommunication companies probably,carry the packets over the longer haul,between Southern California and,Washington in truth though very large,companies like Amazon typically hosts,their servers in many places throughout,the world,so my visit to amazon.com probably,talked to a server in LA or maybe,Silicon Valley also the larger Internet,service providers may operate networks,that span large regions and may even,connect directly to the networks of,larger companies like Amazon or Google,so it's actually possible that packets,sent between my computer and Amazon,avoid backbone networks entirely the,standard Internet Protocol IP for short,sends data in discrete chunks called,packets in IP version 4 the version used,for most of today's Internet traffic,each host and router is known by a,unique 32-bit address by convention the,four bytes of these addresses are each,expressed as an integer between 0 and,255 and the 4 integers are separated by,dots for example two three three seven,five one nine one nine eight is an,IP version 4 address the major problem,with version 4 is that 32-bit addresses,only allow for about 4.3 billion,different addresses this was more than,sufficient back when the internet was,only used by a handful of universities,and government entities but now the,world has more than 4.3 billion devices,which all want to connect to the,Internet,a trick called the net network address,translation allows multiple devices to,share one IP address but NAT is not an,ideal solution it generally works fine,for simple applications like web,browsing but causes configuration,headaches for other applications the,real solution to the address shortage is,a next version of the Internet Protocol,IP version 6,there was an IP version 5 but it was,never formalized and adopted so were,skipping straight from 4 to 6 IP version,6 uses 128-bit addresses allowing for,many many more unique addresses in fact,128 bits allows for so many addresses,that every person on the planet could,each have many trillions of their own IP,addresses currently here in 2014 only,about 5% of Internet traffic is sent,with IP version 6 and it will probably,be another 10 years before IP version 6,usage overtakes IP version 4 in the,meantime we'll have to live with net and,because version 4 still predominates,that's the version we'll cover in this,video,looking back at our example of the user,visiting amazon.com let's say that the,users IP version 4 address is 128 3.0 11,and the amazon.com server's IP version 4,address is 71 204 4.5 had sent between,these two hosts could travel two,possible routes either directly through,the green network or by taking an extra,hop through the blue network as well the,question then is how does each host and,router decide where to send each packet,well the logic is very simple each host,simply sends every packet out on its,network such that every other device on,the network can read it every other host,on the network looks at the destination,address of every packet and ignores,those packets not addressed to them the,routers on the network also look at the,destination address and if the,destination address falls within a,pre-configured range of addresses the,router will send the packet onwards to,the neighboring network for example the,destination address of a packet sent by,the user here on the red network is,checked by every other host and router,on that network assuming the addresses,in the pre-configured range of addresses,expected by router a the packet will be,sent out on the green network where it,is in turn red by router B which checks,the packets destination address against,its own routing tables so for the packet,sent from 128 3.0 11 to make its way to,71 dot 240 4.5 tablespoons address 7 1,dot 254 4.5 when the router tables are,not properly configured packets might,not find their way to their destination,or might take less optimal routes,when routing tables are not properly,configured packets might not find their,way to their destination or might take,less optimal routes how exactly routing,tables get configured is a complex topic,we won't go into here if you're,interested in these details you should,read up on cidr classless inter-domain,routing and BGP the border gateway,protocol a modem short for modulator,demodulator converts digital data into,analog signals and vice-versa in a,typical home setup a cable or dsl modem,is the device directly connected to your,service providers network and your,providers network assigns the modem and,IP address you can directly connect your,computer to the modem but it's generally,preferable to connect the modem to what,we confusingly call an access router or,even more confusingly commonly just call,a router an access router provides three,functions first a router allows multiple,devices to share a single IP address,using network address translation second,virtually all routers today provide,wireless Ethernet connectivity and third,routers usually provide firewall,functionality meaning the router can,help filter unwanted traffic that may,maliciously try to exploit security,holes and your hardware and software so,all packets sent between your devices,and your service provider typically,travel through both an access router and,a modem and quite often the modem and,access router are combined into one,device packets sent between your modem,and your service provider typically,don't get seen by other modems on the,providers network as that would be both,insecure and wasteful of bandwidth,instead your packets typically get,handled by a router internal to your,providers network that passes packets,directly to and from your modem without,sending the package to the modems of any,other users except of course in the,cases when your packets are addressed to,other users on the network,because numbers are difficult for people,to remember the domain name system was,introduced the domain name system is a,global registry of names mapped to,addresses these domain names are,organized into top-level domains such as,comm net org,edu mill gov among others each top-level,domain is controlled by a designated,Authority and most of these authorities,allow others to lease subdomains so for,example google leases the subdomain,google.com and Wikipedia leases the,subdomain wikipedia.org the lessor of a,subdomain gets to decide what IP address,the sub domain maps to in the global,registry and so for example Google com,resolves to the IP address of a Google,server when your computer wants to know,the IP address map to a domain name it,asks a DNS server most home users,computers are configured to use a DNS,server run by their Internet service,provider each DNS server keeps a local,cache of the global registry and,periodically checks for updates from the,top-level authorities in the old days it,could take days for changes to the,authoritative domain registries to,filter out to the DNS servers of the,world but these days it usually takes,only a few hours a URL a Uniform,Resource locator is a string of text,representing the location of a resource,on the internet a URL has three,components the schema denotes the nature,of the thing which most commonly means,the protocol by which the thing is,accessed web page URLs for example have,the schema HTTP standing for the,hypertext Transfer Protocol used to,retrieve web pages the host specifies,the IP address or domain name of the,system from which the resource can be,retrieved and the path specifies a,particular resource on that system the,format of the path is specified for,certain schemas but for many schemas the,path could be any sequence of characters,without whitespace in web page URLs the,path often resembles a file path but the,format and the significance of the path,is really left entirely up to the server,receiving the request for the resource,this example URL denotes location of a,web page at NY Times com when your web,browser sends a request to the web,server at NY Times com,the path is sent as part of the,and what resource the path refers to is,entirely up to the webservers,interpretation